Is Medication Safe for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity...

The use of drug therapy for children with ADHD has escalated to an alarming degree in this â€Å"pill popping† world. Most parents as well as educators became more demanding for a â€Å"quick fix† for children who have been diagnosed with academic and behavioral problems (ODell Cook, 2004 ). There has been increasing concern about the potential adverse side effects of these medications. Prescriptions and drugs for ADHD come with discussion and directions for use, and the purpose of the drugs. The section for side effects often comes in technical language and small print, and many people do not read this section at all. People tend to stop reading this section when they encounter difficult chemical names and descriptions. Furthermore, some of†¦show more content†¦It is important that if parents suspect that their children may be over-active even during the developmental stage of play especially in pre-school, they should start to make comparisons between the ch ild and his same aged peers. According to Fowler (2004), children may be suspected to have hyperactivity when they seem to be always on the go. The most common activity found in children about 2-3 years old is one who spend less time with a single toy, one who is squirmy compared to his peers and one who is always darting out of the house. At all ages, hyperactive children display excessive and loud talking. Listed in the DSM-IV TR (2000) are the symptoms of hyperactivity in both children and adults: (1) frequent fidgeting with the hands and feet or often found squirming in seats (2) often leaves his/her seat in the classroom or in other situations wherein he is expected to remain seated (3) often runs about or climbs exceptionally in appropriate situations wherein in adolescents, it may be limited to subjective feelings of restlessness (4) often finds it difficult to play or engage in leisure activities in a quite manner (5) always on the go or acts as if he is driven by a motor and (6) shows signs of loud or e xcessive talking. It is reported that in most settings, four to nine times as many boys as girls are diagnosed with hyperactivity and in the United States, the incidence rate isShow MoreRelatedAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )1552 Words   |  7 PagesATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER Seth was a second grader at West Elementary. 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One of the problems with ADHD is that it can be difficult to diagnose and treat, because there are many different conditionsRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )1472 Words   |  6 Pages ADHD Monica Ann Fandino Palm Beach State College Dr. Michael T. Miles Abstract ADHD is one of the most common neurodevelopment disorders of childhood. It’s first diagnosed in your early years and usually goes into adulthood. Kids with ADHD may have difficulty paying attention, handling their impulsive behaviors, or they can be very energetic. ADHD produces symptoms that are characterized by distractibility, hyperactivity, forgetfulness, and poor impulse control. ADHD being a big topicRead MoreAn In-Depth Analysis on the Prescription of Stimulant Medication as a Treatment for ADHD1141 Words   |  5 Pages Stimulant medication could be the miracle drug, or the most harmful thing to hit the younger generations. Medications such as Adderall and Ritalin are playing a prominent role in many adolescents’ lives, or the lives of people close to them. There is an â€Å"underground market† for medications like these, and the market is growing quickly. Whether just to make sure they pass that next test, or if they really believe they need it, stimula nts’ popularity is soaring, and not just among adolescents butRead MoreSociological Analysis On Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder1622 Words   |  7 Pages Sociological Analysis of ADHD Introduction â€Å"ADHD† stands for â€Å"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder†, while many people use the word disorder and disease as if they were one and the same, they are in fact not. While a disease is an incorrectly functioning organ, part, structure, or system of the body resulting from the effect of genetic or developmental errors, infection, poisons, nutritional deficiency or imbalance, toxicity, or unfavorable environmental factors; illness; sickness; ailmentRead MoreEssay about Medication versus Alternative Therapy in ADHD955 Words   |  4 PagesMedication versus Alternative therapy in ADHD When dealing with adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD may become a challenge for many parents. Knowing the facts about this disorder and how to treat the problem is the key to a healthy lifestyle for adolescents as well as families. Many therapies and medications are available to families with children with ADHD but many questions that parents have with their children with ADHD is which therapy is best and what would workRead MoreCentral Nervous System Stimulant: Ritalin Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pagesprescribe to treat several disorders. The most common use of Ritalin is for the treatment of Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Another known use of Ritalin is in the treatment of Narcolepsy. A doctor might also prescribe it to treat depression. Ritalin and other drugs in the stimulant class, work by increasing the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin in the brain. Ritalin has been tested and proven safe to use in children ages six and older. Read MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Ritalin, and the Brain1606 Words   |  7 PagesAttention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Ritalin, and the Brain Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, more commonly referred to as simply ADHD, is the most commonly diagnosed disorder among American children today. According to the National Institute on Mental Health an estimated 3 to 5 percent of school age children are affected by this disorder. (1) There are more diagnosed cases of ADHD of in the United States than there are anywhere in the world. The main symptoms of ADHD include developmentallyRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Essay800 Words   |  4 PagesAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is without a doubt one of the largest social problems facing the Baby Boomers in the 21st century. The last two to three decades have seen this disorder labeled many different titles. As stated by Donald J. Brown in his article Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), 1996: â€Å"What is apparent is that ADHD is a collection of symptoms or criteria.† Labeling a child as ADHD creates a large potential for errorRead MorePsychology And Medication : Are Children Being Misdiagnosed And Over Medicated1334 Words   |  6 Pages Psychology and Medication: Are children being misdiagnosed and over medicated. Medicating Children is not the Right Thing to do There are many types of people who may have Attention Deficit Disorder, also known as ADD/ADHD, which is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. ADD is defined as learning disorder affecting children, adolescents, and some adults. Common symptoms of ADD are learning and behavioral difficulties as well as the typical problem of ADHD, hyperactivity. Males are more likely

Money Is The Anthem Of Success - 1438 Words

Money Is The Anthem Of Success When one reflects on what’s important, most people would tend to answer with concepts such as familial relations, friends, security, happiness and the like. Though these are very important staples to lead a healthy life, does all that really equal to success? When one thinks of success, do they think about how many friends they have, who’ve they married, or how long they’ve been happy? Or, do people think about money? Despite all the claims about the staple pieces in life, the real goal that people aim to achieve is to earn lots of money. As human beings, most people see this everyday—those who are in power are the ones sitting on thrones of gold that only deep pockets could afford, those with†¦show more content†¦Obviously, the main couple in the story fell for the ruse as well. Within no time, â€Å"the newspapers were full of it, everybody was talking about it, it was in the very air. There was plenty of money to be made in the stock exchange by those who had guts—money to be made by the hour, by the minute, for the prices of stocks and shares were rising faster than anyone could keep track of them!† (Lim 2). As told in the short story, more and more people were believing that they could gain more money by the stock market. There was news about the stock market everywhere, and the amount of people talking about it were rising (since more people were taking part in it). Not only that, but the only reason people were giving into this was once again, because of their greed. Everyone was investing all their money into the system without full understanding of what was happening, and without comprehension of the consequences one could face if the stocks they were invested in suddenly crashed. Eventually, things did begin going downhill: â€Å"The downward slide, or the bursting of he bubble as the newspaper dramatically called I, did not initially cause much alarm, for the speculato rs all expected the shares to bounce back to their original strength and thence continue the phenomenal growth. But that did not happen, The slide continued† (Lim 3). To continue on, the following reason that proves that greedShow MoreRelatedIs The Flag Of The United States Of America Considered Patriotic?1135 Words   |  5 Pagesminorities. During the first 49ers preseason games at first sitting in during the National Anthem, later evolving his protest into taking a knee. Since then other players within the National Football League have decided to follow in Colin Kaepernick’s footsteps by taking a knee during the National Anthem, with bringing up the issue of whether or not it is patriotic to not participate in the National Anthem as a form of protest. Demonstration for one’s affection for one’s country can be displayedRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On Our Lives1291 Words   |  6 Pagessame thing can happen to them too. The relationship between happiness and money is referred to in the album multiple times. The songs â€Å"National Anthem† and â€Å"Million Dollar Man† revolve around two very rich men Lana was deeply in love with. Although there is no evidence to prove that the two songs are about the same man, we could assume that they are. In â€Å"National Anthem,† Lana starts the song with, â€Å"Money is the anthem of success so before we go out, what’s your address?† This is the beginning of theRead MoreEssay about Handel1401 Words   |  6 Pages(Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica). This was a huge honor that demonstrated how much respect England had for Handel. (Bonds) One of Handels’ most famous pieces was the oratorio Messiah. 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There is always that focus of finding a man, always that need to make the manRead MoreAp Us History: A fter Math 1812 -Ghent Treaty1144 Words   |  5 Pageswas the Ghent Treaty a Failure or a Success in the views of Americans? How Did it affect the country ? Ghent Treaty: Success or Failure? The War of 1812 was fought between the new and fragile United States against the British Empire, Canadian Provinces and a few Woodland Indian Tribes. The War of 1812 was an attempt by the Americans to establish their dominance in North America by conquest of the British owned Canadian Provinces. With an under supplied and undermanned army and navy the UnitedRead MoreSymbolic Interactionism In Sociology1560 Words   |  7 Pagespolice or flag? Is it a legitimate social issue? The current debate over kneeling or sitting in protest during the national anthem to protest police brutality was ignited by Kaepernick in 2016, and later adopted by many other professional football players, high school athletes, and professional athletes in other sports, all who have refused to stand for the national anthem. These protests have created disagreement and sparked a public conversation race, police brutality, the flag and if the NFL isRead MoreMarketing Plan For A Target Corporation1741 Words   |  7 PagesCompany†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). However, even with revenues as significant as these, the company has area for improvement. The introduction of a novel idea concerning omnichannel use from consumers intertwined with the home department of Target stores would bring much success to the company. The extensive research of team structure and promotion are necessary to find the best solution to improve Target’s omnichannel home department. 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Activities and Operations of Coca-Cola-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the trading activities and operations of Coca-Cola Amatil. Answer: Introduction The report talks about the trading activities and operations of the company. It tells that how is dealing with various products and services. It explains the SWOT analysis and Pestle analysis to beat the competitors in the market. Further, the report explains that how the company is using marketing mix strategy within the organization. In addition, it explains the key characteristics of the consumer behavior in the global market. It describes that how the market influences the buying behavior of the consumers. Background of the company Coca-cola Amatil is one of the largest drink beverage companies in the Asia Pacific region. CCA operates and manages its operations and business activities in six countries such as Indonesia, Papua, Nez Zealand, Australia, Fiji, and Samosa. It was founded in 1904 with its headquartered is located in Sydney Australia (Khr, 2009). There are approx 14,700 employees employed in the company. The firm is dealing with various products such as sports water, energy drinks, iced tea, spring water, soft drinks, flavored milk, tea, coffee and vegetables snacks and products around the world. In todays era, the company is expanding and increasing its profit and revenue across the world. The main aim of the company is to maximize and increase the revenue and profit while maintaining the sustainability of the beverage industry (Ouppara and Sy, 2012). The company is using effective and unique leadership styles to motivate the employees within the organization. The core values include integrity, passi on, respect, accountability, collaboration, diversity, leadership and quality. The company maintains sustainable human resource management to attract more candidates in the market (Andini and Simatupang, 2014). Situation analysis of the Coca-Cola Amatil The marketing and situational analysis play a vital and integral role in Coca-Cola Amatil to gain the competitors benefits across the world. PepsiCo, Golden circle and Nudie foods Australia are the main competitors of the CCA. The company can use SWOT analysis and PESTLE analysis, Porter five forces model to evaluate and analyze the plans, policies, and strategies of the competitors across the world (Guthrie, Cuganesan and Ward, 2010). PESTLE analysis Pestle analysis is the strategic tool to evaluate and analyze the external environment of the company. Pestle analysis comprises political factors, economic factors, and socio-cultural, technological, environmental and legal factors. These factors affect the business activities and operations adversely. The pestle analysis has been discussed below (Andini and Simatupang, 2014). Political factor: The political factors include political instability, the risk of military invasion, wage legislation, and trade regulations also affect the success and growth of the company. These factors must be managed and controlled by the company to gain various competitors advantages around the world. Economic factor: The economic factors include saving rate, interest rate, unemployment rate, economic growth rate, inflation rate, saving rate and foreign exchange rate. These factors also affect the trading activities and operation of the firm. The company should consider and analyze these factors to overcome on the competitors in the world (Handayati, Simatupang and Sridharan, 2011). Socio-cultural factors: The socio-cultural factors include demographic factors, culture, values, attitudes and religious of the employees. CCA must focus and evaluate these factors to beat the competitors in the market. Technological factor: The technological factors also influence the growth and success of the company. The rate of technological diffusion and changes in the technology are the major technological factors which affect the growth of the company adversely (Jones and Reid, 2010). Environmental factor: The environmental factors include climate change, waste management in beverage and food sector, weather and pollution. Entire factors influence the position of the CCA adversely in the global market. Therefore, the company must identify these factors to overcome on the competitors across the world. Legal factors: These factors also affect the sale and revenue of the company negatively. The various rules and legislation which have been made by government affect the growth and success of the CCA globally. These factors should be managed and analyzed by the CCA to expand and flourish its business globally (Setyawati and Santoso, 2012). SWOT analysis SWOT analysis plays a vital and crucial role to attain the competitors advantages in the global market. SWOT analysis shows strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threat of the company. It is the strategic tool to analyze and evaluate the risk and other key challenges of the market. The SWOT analysis has been discussed below (Hassan, Amos, and Abubakar, 2014). Strengths Weaknesses The domestic market is available to explore and expand the business activities and operations globally. Experienced business units are the strength of the CCA. The growth rate of the CCA is high and it also helps to reduce the labor costs. CCA provides monetary assistance to the employees around the world. CCA fulfill the needs and wants of the customers than their competitors. Brand portfolio is the major issue in CCA. The future profitability and growth are not possible in CCA due to various competitors exist in the market. Opportunities Threats The global market is available for selling the products and services of the company. It is one of the significant opportunities for the company. The company is introducing new food and beverage products globally. The demand for the beverage products is increasing day by day. The company is charging high prices for the beverage products. There are various competitors exist in the market. Competitive analysis PepsiCo and Nudie food Australia are the main competitors of the company. The marketing mix of the PepsiCo has been discussed below (Assiouras, Ozgen, and Skourtis, 2013). Product: The PepsiCo is the major competitor of the Coca-Cola Amatil. The PepsiCo is dealing with various products such as energy drinks, rice snacks, soft drinks and breakfast bars. It uses product mix strategy to gain the competitive advantages in the market. Place: The PepsiCo uses the universal network for distributing its products and services to the customers. The retailers and online merchandisers are the main distribution channels of the company (Huang and Sarigll, 2014). Promotion: The Company uses various promotion strategies such as direct marketing, advertising, public relations and sales promotions etc. Advertising is the foremost strategy to maximize the revenue and profit of the company. Price: PepsiCo uses pricing strategy to differentiate its products from the Coca-Cola Amatil products. It uses hybrid value pricing strategy and market-oriented pricing strategy to increase the sales of the company. Marketing mix of Nudie Nudie food Australia is another competitor of the Coca-Cola Amatil. The marketing mix of the Nudie has been discussed below (Oplatka and Hemsley-Brown, 2012). Product: The Company is dealing with food and beverage products which include fruits, juice, ice-cream, and soups. Thus, it affects the activities and operations of the Coca-Cola Amatil adversely. In this way, the company is becoming successfully day by day. Place: The Company is making effective and unique strategies to distribute its products and services in the Australia. The products of the Nudie are sold in more than 6000 outlets in the Australia (Ryu, Lee and Gon Kim, 2012). Price: The Company fixes the high prices of the products due to the high quality of the products and services. It does not adopt low price strategy. Thus, it is the biggest benefit for the Coca-Cola Amatil to overcome on the Nudie food. Promotion: The Company is investing a huge amount to promote its products globally. By using effective promotion strategy, the company is trying to beat the competitors around the world. Marketing mix of Coca-Cola Amatil The marketing mix of the Coca-Cola Amatil evaluates and analyses the brand of the company. The marketing mix includes the 4 Ps (product, price, place, promotion). By using marketing 4Ps, the company is overcoming the competitors. The marketing mix of the Coca-Cola Amatil has been discussed below. Product: The Coca-Cola Amatil provides various types of soft drink and beverage products. The products of the company are sold in various sizes and packaging. By using product strategy, the company is trying to differentiate its products from the competitor products (Assiouras, Ozgen, and Skourtis, 2013). Price: The firm is using the pricing strategy to attain competitive advantages in the market. The company sets the reasonable and appropriate prices of the products to attract more customers across the world. It fixes the different prices for the different products. Place: It is the important marketing strategy of the company. CCA is making unique and effective place strategy to distribute its beverage products globally. Under this strategy, various distribution channels are used by the company. Promotion: Various advertising and promotion strategy are used by the company to maximize and enhance the number of customers in the world. The company uses social media channels to promote the product of the company. Now it can be said that marketing mix of the CCA is very effective and unique. It provides various competitive benefits across the world (Oplatka and Hemsley-Brown, 2012). Consumer buyer characteristics A consumer is a person who buys the products and services for the personal use or consumption. They do not buy the products and services for manufacture or resale purpose. The characteristics of the consumer buyer have been discussed below (Rucker, Galinsky and Dubois, 2012). Information search: A consumer is the main success factor to maximize and enhance the revenue and profit of the firm. Therefore, consumers play an integral role in CCA to increase the sale of the organization. The consumers collect information and knowledge while buying the products and services within the organization (Yeung and Yee, 2012). Brand loyalty: It is another characteristic of the consumer behavior in the global market. Brand loyalty is the tendency of the consumers which affect the behavior of the consumers while buying the products and services of the company. Price elasticity of demand: It is one of the important characteristics of the consumers. It affects the demand and supply for the products around the world. It also affects the buying behavior of the customers in the global market. Personalized products and services: It is a significant feature of the consumer buying behavior. The consumers use the products for personal use thus; they check and evaluate the prices of the products and services. These are the features of the buying behavior of the consumers around the world (Paul and Rana, 2012). Awareness: It is one of the significant characteristics of the consumers. The consumers check and evaluate the quality and prices of the products while taking the buying decisions. They buy the right products at right prices due to effective awareness. Various awareness programs are conducted by the company to increase the awareness of the consumers. Along with this, the consumer buying behavior depends on the various factors such as marketing campaigns, economic conditions, personal preferences, and group influences. These factors influence the purchasing power of the consumers from various ways. CCA should evaluate and analyze the needs, requirements, and expectations of the consumers to maximise the sales and revenue of the firm. Further, the organisation must maintain an effective and dynamic relationship with consumers across the world. It is the responsibility of the employees that they provide the right information to the consumers in the market (Reed et al, 2012). Conclusion On the above discussion, it has been evaluated that CCA is one of the largest brands in the world. The company is offering several beverage products to the customers globally. Further, the firm uses effective and unique strategies to overcome the competitors in the world. PESTEL analysis, SWOT analysis are done by the organisation to evaluate and analyze the position and image of the competitors. The company uses marketing mix strategies to differentiate its products and prices from the competitor products and prices. In this way, the company is able to gain the competitors advantages in the market. It also helps to accomplish the long-term mission, objectives and goals of the company. Along with this, the company should focus on the marketing strategies to reduce the risk and key issues of the global market. References Andini, R.A. and Simatupang, T.M., (2014). A process simulation of inventory planning and control for Minute Maid Pulpy at Coca-Cola.International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management,17(1), pp.66-82. Assiouras, I., Ozgen, O. and Skourtis, G., (2013). The impact of corporate social responsibility in food industry in product-harm crises.British Food Journal,115(1), pp.108-123. Guthrie, J., Cuganesan, S. and Ward, L., (2010). Social and Environmental Reporting: The Australian Food and Beverage Industry. Handayati, Y., Simatupang, T.M. and Sridharan, R., (2011). An analysis of collaboration between Coca-Cola and Carrefour using drama theory.International Journal of Value Chain Management,5(1), pp.1-24. Hassan, D.N., Amos, A.A. and Abubakar, O.A., (2014). An evaluation of marketing strategies undertaken by Coca Cola Company as a multinational corporation in Nigeria.Journal of Business and Management,3(2), pp.5-10. Huang, R. and Sarigll, E., (2014). How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix. InFashion Branding and Consumer Behaviors(pp. 113-132). Springer New York. Jones, S.C. and Reid, A., (2010). Marketing to children and teens on Australian food company web sites.Young Consumers,11(1), pp.57-66. Khr, P., (2009). Marketing research for Coca-Cola Thailand Limited: implementation of Fanta Free in Thailand. Oplatka, I. and Hemsley-Brown, J. eds., (2012).The management and leadership of educational marketing: Research, practice and applications. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Ouppara, N.S. and Sy, M.V.U., (2012). Quality of Work Life Practices in a Multinational Company in Sydney, Australia.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,40, pp.116-121. Paul, J. and Rana, J., (2012). Consumer behavior and purchase intention for organic food.Journal of consumer Marketing,29(6), pp.412-422. Reed, A., Forehand, M.R., Puntoni, S. and Warlop, L., (2012). Identity-based consumer behavior.International Journal of Research in Marketing,29(4), pp.310-321. Rucker, D.D., Galinsky, A.D. and Dubois, D.,(2012). Power and consumer behavior: How power shapes who and what consumers value.Journal of Consumer Psychology,22(3), pp.352-368. Ryu, K., Lee, H.R. and Gon Kim, W., (2012). The influence of the quality of the physical environment, food, and service on restaurant image, customer perceived value, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intentions.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,24(2), pp.200-223. Setyawati, D. and Santoso, I., (2012). Value Chain Analysis on the Logistics Management as the Basis for Strategy Formulation to Increase Customer Satisfaction (Case Study in PT. Coca-Cola Amatil Indonesia-Plant East Java).Agroindustrial Journal,1(1), p.28. Yeung, R. and Yee, W.M., (2012). Food safety concern: Incorporating marketing strategies into consumer risk coping framework.British Food Journal,114(1), pp.40-53.

Justin Lieber Essays - Fictional Cyborgs, Death, Brain,

Justin Lieber I read how to build a person by Justin Lieber. Justin Lieber is a professor at the University of Houston, whom also writes science fiction. This selection, which was taken from his novel Beyond Rejection, is fictional and is based in the future. The story is set in the year 2112 in a Houston hospital. In this hospital they are brains on one person into the body of another. The story starts with the hospital giving a class on how they are attempting to transplant a mind into a human body. The test subjects name was Sally Cudmus, and she has been frozen in ice for two years. In this story they discuss the difficulties of implanting a brain into a body. They talk of the problems that would occur if a mind was implanted into a body that was not it's own. They say this is possible due to the fact that the brain can adapt to major changes around it with in days. The example they give to show this is possible is one with reverse goggles. If a person puts on goggles that would make everything appear upside down the person would be disoriented. After a few day the subjects brain would adapt to these changes making what the goggles made upside down rights side up. If the goggles were then taken off everything again would seem upside down, until the brain once again adapted to this change. In this story it is said that a mind is like a tape, and the only thing this tape needs is a body similar to its original to function. I do not agree with this because a brain is not like any other organ that can be transplanted. A person's brain is dynamic in that it functions with a particular person, and is one of a kind. No matter how similar the body types may be, a humans brain and thoughts can not be transferred to another body. In my opinion a person's brain would not adapted to such a drastic change as a body switch. In the end the subject wakes up remembering who he once was. After touching his new body he realizes he is no longer in his original figure. The subject does not like this because his new body was much different then his own. He no longer had a penis and his muscular for he once had was gone. Also a tale like extension had grown from his spinal cord to his feet. The subject realizes that he will no longer be who he once was, and is understandably discontent.

Free Essays on Latin American Writers

Before 1960 it was very uncommon to hear of the "contemporary Spanish American novel": there were Uruguayan, Ecuadorian, Mexican or Venezuelan novels. However, during this decade, a literary explosion of Latin American literature took place named â€Å"The Boom.† El Boom "was simply the discovery of a new literary language in which to express Latin American reality with, for the first time, complete authenticity1." This genre of literature has become known as magic realism, a movement characterized by the dreamlike and fantastic elements, which are mixed into fiction. There are many reasons why the â€Å"Boom† literature occurred when it did. All the ingredients necessary for a social change were there; social and economic dissatisfaction, new cultural ideas and an opening of opportunities for Latin American writers. Gabriel Marquez gave an example of the social and economic injustices committed in his home country, Colombia, in his Nobel Prize speech: â€Å"There have been five wars and seventeen military coups; there emerged a dictator who is carrying out, in God’s name, the first Latin American ethnocide of our time. Twenty million Latin American children died before the age of one. Those in exile near one hundred and twenty thousand.†2 These problems are common throughout Latin America, a factor in creating a sense of unity because of these common concerns. New cultural ideas often emerged from writers who had been living in Europe, mostly in exile. Mario Llosa said in Interviews with Latin American Writers, that by living in Europe, he received â€Å"a broadened education† and a â€Å"comprehensive perspective, which helped me understand the things in my own country.†3 Other major factors in the change of cultural ideas surfaced from the revolutions and wars that occurred right before and during the twentieth century. Numerous internal movements had been crushed, although they were successful for a time in Mexico and th... Free Essays on Latin American Writers Free Essays on Latin American Writers Before 1960 it was very uncommon to hear of the "contemporary Spanish American novel": there were Uruguayan, Ecuadorian, Mexican or Venezuelan novels. However, during this decade, a literary explosion of Latin American literature took place named â€Å"The Boom.† El Boom "was simply the discovery of a new literary language in which to express Latin American reality with, for the first time, complete authenticity1." This genre of literature has become known as magic realism, a movement characterized by the dreamlike and fantastic elements, which are mixed into fiction. There are many reasons why the â€Å"Boom† literature occurred when it did. All the ingredients necessary for a social change were there; social and economic dissatisfaction, new cultural ideas and an opening of opportunities for Latin American writers. Gabriel Marquez gave an example of the social and economic injustices committed in his home country, Colombia, in his Nobel Prize speech: â€Å"There have been five wars and seventeen military coups; there emerged a dictator who is carrying out, in God’s name, the first Latin American ethnocide of our time. Twenty million Latin American children died before the age of one. Those in exile near one hundred and twenty thousand.†2 These problems are common throughout Latin America, a factor in creating a sense of unity because of these common concerns. New cultural ideas often emerged from writers who had been living in Europe, mostly in exile. Mario Llosa said in Interviews with Latin American Writers, that by living in Europe, he received â€Å"a broadened education† and a â€Å"comprehensive perspective, which helped me understand the things in my own country.†3 Other major factors in the change of cultural ideas surfaced from the revolutions and wars that occurred right before and during the twentieth century. Numerous internal movements had been crushed, although they were successful for a time in Mexico and th...

Massacre at the Festival of Toxcatl

Massacre at the Festival of Toxcatl On May 20, 1520, Spanish conquistadors led by Pedro de Alvarado attacked unarmed Aztec nobles congregated at the Festival of Toxcatl, one of the most important festivals on the native religious calendar. Alvarado believed he had evidence of an Aztec plot to attack and murder the Spanish, who had recently occupied the city and taken Emperor Montezuma captive. Thousands were slaughtered by the ruthless Spaniards, including much of the leadership of the Mexica city of Tenochtitlan. After the massacre, the city of Tenochtitlan rose up against the invaders, and on June 30, 1520, they would successfully (if temporarily) drive them out. Hernan Cortes and the Conquest of the Aztecs In April of 1519, Hernan Cortes had landed near present-day Veracruz with some 600 conquistadors. The ruthless Cortes had slowly made his way inland, encountering several tribes along the way. Many of these tribes were unhappy vassals of the warlike Aztecs, who ruled their empire from the marvelous city of Tenochtitlan. In Tlaxcala, the Spanish had fought the warlike Tlaxcalans before agreeing to an alliance with them. The conquistadors had continued on to Tenochtitlan by way of Cholula, where Cortes orchestrated a massive massacre of local leaders he claimed were complicit in a plot to murder them. In November of 1519, Cortes and his men reached the glorious city of Tenochtitlan. They were initially welcomed by Emperor Montezuma, but the greedy Spaniards soon wore out their welcome. Cortes imprisoned Montezuma and held him hostage against the good behavior of his people. By now the Spanish had seen the vast golden treasures of the Aztecs and were hungry for more. An uneasy truce between the conquistadors and an increasingly resentful Aztec population lasted into the early months of 1520. Cortes, Velazquez, and Narvaez Back in Spanish-controlled Cuba, governor Diego Velazquez had learned of Cortes exploits. Velazquez had initially sponsored Cortes but had tried to remove him from command of the expedition. Hearing of the great wealth coming out of Mexico, Velazquez sent veteran conquistador Panfilo de Narvaez to rein in the insubordinate Cortes and regain control of the campaign. Narvaez landed in April of 1520 with a massive force of over 1000 well-armed conquistadors.   Cortes mustered as many men as he could and returned to the coast to battle Narvaez. He left about 120 men behind in Tenochtitlan and left his trusted lieutenant Pedro de Alvarado in charge. Cortes met meet Narvaez in battle and defeated him on the night of May 28-29, 1520. With Narvaez in chains, most of his men joined Cortes. Alvarado and the Festival of Toxcatl In the first three weeks of May, the Mexica (Aztecs) traditionally celebrated the Festival of Toxcatl.   This long festival was dedicated to the most important of the Aztec gods, Huitzilopochtli. The purpose of the festival was to ask for the rains which would water the Aztec crops for another year, and it involved dancing, prayers, and human sacrifice. Before he left for the coast, Cortes had conferred with Montezuma and had decided that the festival could go on as planned. Once Alvarado was in charge, he also agreed to allow it, on the (unrealistic) condition that there be no human sacrifices. A Plot Against the Spanish? Before long, Alvarado began to believe that there was a plot to kill him and the other conquistadors remaining in Tenochtitlan. His Tlaxcalan allies told him that they had heard rumors that at the conclusion of the festival, the people of Tenochtitlan were to rise against the Spanish, capture them and sacrifice them. Alvarado saw stakes being fixed into the ground, of the sort used to hold captives while they awaited being sacrificed. A new, gruesome statue of Huitzilopochtli was being raised onto the top of the great temple. Alvarado spoke to Montezuma and demanded he put an end to any plots against the Spanish, but the emperor answered that he knew of no such plot and could not do anything about it anyway, as he was a prisoner. Alvarado was further enraged by the obvious presence of sacrificial victims in the city. The Temple Massacre Both the Spanish and the Aztecs became increasingly uneasy, but the Festival of Toxcatl began as planned. Alvarado, by now convinced of the evidence of a plot, decided to take the offensive. On the fourth day of the festival, Alvarado placed half of his men on guard duty around Montezuma and some of the highest-ranking Aztec lords and placed the rest in strategic positions around the Patio of the Dances near the Great Temple, where the Serpent Dance was to take place. The Serpent Dance was one of the most important moments of the Festival, and the Aztec nobility was in attendance, in beautiful cloaks of brightly colored feathers and animal skins. Religious and military leaders were present as well. Before long, the courtyard was full of brightly colored dancers and attendees. Alvarado gave the order to attack. Spanish soldiers closed off the exits to the courtyard and the massacre began. Crossbowmen and harquebusiers rained down death from the rooftops, while heavily armed and armored foot soldiers and about a thousand Tlaxcalan allies waded into the crowd, cutting down the dancers and revelers. The Spanish spared no one, chasing down those who begged for mercy or fled. Some of the revelers fought back and even managed to kill a few of the Spanish, but the unarmed nobles were no match for steel armor and weapons. Meanwhile, the men guarding Montezuma and the other Aztec lords murdered several of them but spared the emperor himself and a few others, including Cuitlhuac, who would later become Tlatoani (Emperor) of the Aztecs after Montezuma. Thousands were killed, and in the aftermath, the greedy Spanish soldiers picked the corpses clean of golden ornaments. Spanish Under Siege Steel weapons and cannons or not, Alvarados 100 conquistadors were seriously outnumbered. The city rose in outrage and attacked the Spanish, who had barricaded themselves in the palace which had been their quarters. With their harquebuses, cannons, and crossbows, the Spanish were able to mostly hold off the assault, but the rage of the people showed no signs of subsiding. Alvarado ordered Emperor Montezuma to go out and calm the people. Montezuma complied, and the people temporarily ceased their assault on the Spanish, but the city was still full of rage. Alvarado and his men were in a most precarious situation. Aftermath of the Temple Massacre Cortes heard of his mens dilemma and rushed back to Tenochtitlan after defeating Panfilo de Narvaez. He found the city in a state of uproar and was barely able to re-establish order. After the Spanish forced him to go out and plead for his people to stay calm, Montezuma was attacked with stones and arrows by his own people. He died slowly of his wounds, passing away on or about June 29, 1520. The death of Montezuma only made the situation worse for Cortes and his men, and Cortes decided that he simply did not have enough resources to hold the enraged city. On the night of June 30, the Spanish tried to sneak out of the city, but they were spotted and the Mexica (Aztecs) attacked. This became known as the Noche Triste, or Night of Sorrows, because hundreds of Spaniards were killed as they fled the city. Cortes escaped with most of his men and over the next few months would begin a campaign to re-take Tenochtitlan. The Temple Massacre is one of the more infamous episodes in the history of the Conquest of the Aztecs, which had no shortage of barbarous events. Whether or not the Aztecs did, in fact, intend to rise up against Alvarado and his men is unknown. Historically speaking, there is little hard evidence for such a plot, but it is undeniable that Alvarado was in an extremely dangerous situation which got worse daily. Alvarado had seen how the Cholula Massacre had stunned the population into docility, and perhaps he was taking a page from Cortes book when he ordered the Temple Massacre.   Sources: Diaz del Castillo, Bernal. . Trans., ed. J.M. Cohen. 1576. London, Penguin Books, 1963. Print.Levy, Buddy. Conquistador: Hernan Cortes, King Montezuma and the Last Stand of the Aztecs. New York: Bantam, 2008.Thomas, Hugh. Conquest: Montezuma, Cortes and the Fall of Old Mexico. New York: Touchstone, 1993.

Healthcare tourism Dubai versus London Research Paper

Healthcare tourism Dubai versus London - Research Paper Example Market Penetration Market experts have predicted a massive projection in the market share of Dubai in the global medical tourism market. It has been reported that in 2010, the total value of the medical tourism industry was to shoot up seven percent in comparison with 2009. It was expected that the total value of the market by the end of 2010 would be Dh 6.1 Billion. Further, in 2014, the government approved the Dubai Medical Tourism Strategy. This suggests the dedicated aggressive marketing done by the industry to have increased presence in the market. It is interesting to note that in the initial years of establishment of the concept of medical tourism, UAE was considered more as a consumer than a service provider. The paradigm shift in the scenario suggests market penetration as an intensive strategy. â€Å"The healthcare services market in the GCC is expected to grow from AED 66 billion (US $18 billion) in 2008 to AED 175-202 billion (US $47-55 billion) by 2020† . Market Development It has been reported that in 2010, Dubai Health Authority entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with Medical Tourism partners across the globe to fortify Dubai’s presence as major medical tourism destination. Dubai hosted the Medical Tourism Congress in 2011. These steps could be analyzed as market development intensive strategies of the Dubai medical tourism industry. There has been substantial improvement in healthcare infrastructure and technology and focused changes in the policies and regulations so as to comply with the market development strategies. Dubai has an investment friendly environment. It has established Health Care Free Zones (Tax free trade zones) and Health Cities.

Friends in Cyberspace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Friends in Cyberspace - Essay Example A girl from Middle East, which is a very conservative culture, can be friends with a boy from the UK, without any social ramifications. Online friendships are also not hampered by time constraints as you can leave a message when you have time to a friend, who can then read it when s/he is free. What is more, there are many applications like Google Hangout and Skype, which let you video chat with your friends irrespective of where in the world you are located, helping you stay connected and in touch. Just like â€Å"in real life† people can take time out from their busy schedules to be with their friends and see them and their surroundings physically. This helps form a personal connection with people. There are many friends who meet over at the weekend through some online social application in order to have a chat or just to sit and socialize. Critics also say that the quality of people online is abysmal and that social media, mostly, involve you in just a race to see how many â€Å"friends† you have and not what kind of friends you have. Even though it might be true that there are many bad people online, be they bullies or trolls for instance, however, there are very nice, caring and genuinely warm people online as well. Just like in real life where you get to decide who you want to be friends with out of a group of people, online friendships are a matter of picking out your preferred people from a group as well. Just like in real life, where you â€Å"know† a lot of people but only want to be friends with a select few.

Perceptual system Essay Example for Free

Perceptual system Essay It has been found that our perceptual system respond to perceptual symbols as a means of making sense of information, it is not a unified center in the brain, rather it is a complex and integrated process which is affected by focus of attention, knowledge and memory, and emotional evaluation (Sekuler Blake, 2001). Focus of attention refers to the length and quality of the attention given to an image or situation, sometimes when our perceptual system experiences information overload, it tends to focus attention on the more relevant information and to disregard the unimportant information. However, there is no way to tell which information will be given attention or not, and sometimes vital information may not be perceived hence leading to misinterpretation of a situation. For example, in the movie Sixth Sense, we see the actor unable to open doors but we do not focus attention on that detail because we are intent at perceiving the events in the movie and listening to the dialogue of the characters, at the end of the movie we are shocked to find out that Bruce Willis was the ghost. Knowledge and memory brought about by previous experiences also lead us to misinterpret objects and situations, through learning we acquire perceptual sets that enable us to respond immediately to situation (Hommel Milliken, 2007). For example, we have heard from news reports that crimes by street gangs have risen and that most gang members are African-Americans and Latinos, such that when we witness a street fight, and later recall what we have seen, we are more likely to say that the gang members were Latino and African-Americans. This perceptual schema is often related to stereotypes, when we are bombarded with the same information we tend to believe that it is true and we commit that to memory. When confronted with incomplete images or situations, we tend to fill in the gaps based on our previous knowledge and experiences (Sekuler, Watamaniuk Blake, 2002). Our perceptual system is also affected by the emotional reaction that perceptual symbols trigger, for example, if I was fighting with a loved one and in the exchange of hurtful words, my perceptual system’s ability to process the information is clouded by the emotions that I attach to the hurtful words which causes more misunderstanding. In order to reduce misjudgments and misinterpretation of what we see, hear, or feel, it is always best to not rely on first impressions. When confronted with a situation in which we are asked to recall what happened, we must be conscious of how our previous experiences affect our understanding of the situation (Sekuler, Watamaniuk Blake, 2002). We must also be aware that we only have a limited attention span and it takes much concentration and presence of mind to be able to pay attention to details. We should also not rush into judgment, if we are unsure of the situation, then we must find ways to validate our understanding of the situation by asking other people of their judgments. As human as we are, we do tend to attach emotional values to objects and situations, for example, we feel disgust and fear for ex-convicts, therefore we limit or avoid our interaction with them and easily pass judgment that they should be locked up again, however not all inmates are criminals and there are those who really change and straighten their lives. However, since our emotion has gotten the better of us, then we do not perceive them as capable of change. Therefore, we should not let emotional attachments get in the way of how we perceive and process our world and the interactions we have with other people.

My Antonia Essay: Theme of Separation -- My Antonia Essays

Theme of Separation in My Antonia    My Antonia, by Willa Cather, is a book tracing the story of a young man, Jim Burden, and his relationship with a young woman, Antonia Shimerda. Jim narrates the entire story in first person, relating accounts and memories of his childhood with Antonia. He traces his journey to the Nebraska where he and Antonia meet and grow up. Jim looks back on all of his childhood scenes with Antonia with nearly heartbreaking nostalgia. My Antonia, is a book that makes many parallels to the sadness and frailty, but also the quiet beauty in life, and leaves the reader with a sense of profound sorrow. One of the main ways Cather is able to invoke these emotions in the reader is through the ongoing theme of separation. Willa Cather develops her theme of separation through death, the changing seasons, characters leaving and the process of growing apart.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cather sets the tone of the story at the very beginning; a young Jim Burden's parents have died leaving him to go to Nebraska to live with his grandparents. Right from the start Cather plants the seeds of abandonment, with the finality of death, in Jim's life. When he arrives in Nebraska he is very numb to life, but he is soon caught up in daily life on his grandparents' farm. He is blissfully happy when he first meets Antonia. They become great friends and share numerous adventures. Cather uses brief, beautifully descriptive and nostalgic recollections of situations and feelings to increase the pain and sadness of the separations that she places throughout the book. An excellent example of this is the way Cather builds up to Mr. Shimerda's suicide.      Mrs. Cath... ...      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mrs. Cather's carefully drawn parallels in the story that build up to Antonia and Jim's separation was a truly effective method of pointing out its tragedy. However she also used other tools, such as imagery and short anecdotes to further convey her message. All together these elements, plus a good story and plot make My Antonia an excellent all around book, worthy of being called a classic.    Professors Comments: Underline titles of novels. Using quotes from the book would strengthen your paper. Quotes prove to the reader that you have a valid argument. You discuss imagery in your paper to prove certain points about the separation theme. Direct quotes would have been useful.   You attempt to discuss parallelism only on one occasion. This discussion should be expanded.

HIV/AIDS Policies in the US

Today, the 26 year old HIV/AIDS is becoming one of the major challenges facing health-care policymakers worldwide (HIV/AIDS Policy in the US, 2006). According to Collins (2007), there are over 1.5 million HIV infections and more than half a million deaths into HIV/AIDS afflicted in the United States.The acronym AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and describes the collection of symptoms and infections resulting from the severe damage of immune system caused by the HIV in humans.On the other hand, HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus, a retrovirus that infects cells of the human immune system, and destroys or impairs their function (Fast facts about AIDS, n.d.; AIDS 2006).The introduction of HIV infection into the human body results to progressive depletion of the immune system, leading to immune deficiency. People who are described as immune-deficient are highly vulnerable to a wide range of infections known as opportunistic infections that take advantage of a w eakened immune system.Hence, it is vital to measure the level of HIV in the body and the appearance of certain infections as these are used as indicators that HIV infection has progressed to AIDS (Fast facts about AIDS, n.d.; AIDS 2006). With these, there are numerous policies and guidelines published to fight against HIV/AIDS.EVIDENCE OF THE PROBLEMAccording to the Center of Disease Control (CDC), the cumulative number of estimated deaths in the U.S. of persons with AIDS through 2005 are 525,442, including 4,865 children under the age of 13 and persons living with AIDS are 437,982 (HIV/AIDS in the United States, 2007).In the past two decades, the demographics of HIV/AIDS have changed, moving from an illness that initially affected white gay men to a disease that increasingly affects men of color or African men who have sex with the same sex, women and older adults (Gorin, 2004).The prevalence rates of AIDS among African American men and women rose up by 150 percent between 1993 and 2001 compared with a 68% rate increase among white people.The rates of HIV/AIDS among communities of color were notably higher than those for white people when considering their percentage of the total population. For instance, the African Americans only make up 12% of the U.S. population, however account for 76.3% of individuals with AIDS.In addition, African American teenagers ages 13 to 19 make up only 15% of U.S. teenagers, but account for 61% of new AIDS cases reported among teenagers in 2001 (KFF, 2003a). This shows that African American or communities of color have high incidence of HIV/AIDS compared to white people both in the teenage or adult population.On the other hand, women represent an increasing proportion of new AIDS cases. The epidemiology shows that African American women represent a greater number of AIDS cases than white women.There were 7,113 newly reported AIDS cases among African American women in 2001 compared with 1,981 among white women. These correlates s uggest that women in communities of color have a higher probability of contracting HIV/AIDS than white people (KFF, 2003b).In addition, majority of women in all groups are most likely to have been infected by heterosexual contact and injection drug use. The results shows that 67% African American are infected by heterosexual contact compared with 59% white women while 30% African American are infected through drug injection compared with 38% white women.This shows that HIV/AIDS contracted with heterosexual contact is higher in African American women while HIV/AIDS contracted with the use of drug injection is greater in white women.   Furthermore, heterosexual contact accounts for 75% of HIV infection among women 13 to 24 years of age (KFF, 2003b).These show that teenage or young adults are engaging to sexual intercourse at an early age give them higher risk of being afflicted with the disease.Among older adults, the CDC estimates 42,104 people ages 55 and older were living with AI DS in 2002, including 8,902 people 65 and older (CDC, 2003). Among older adults, the risk is particularly high for gay men who abuse drugs or engage in anonymous sexual encounters and for women above 60 years of age, who is due to normal bodily changes, face higher risk for HIV infection during intercourse.Even though little attention has been given to preventing HIV and AIDS in older adults, there are numerous older adults that do not understand the importance of condom usage or other precautions when engaging in sexual contact.In addition, many physicians fail to provide the information on the related risk factors of HIV/AIDS or discuss the necessary information to help older adults protect themselves against infection (Laurence & Luciano, 2000).Hence, this reflects the general perception that the older adult population is not at risk of HIV and society's reluctance to discuss at-risk behaviors. For these and other reasons, older adults have been called a â€Å"hidden HIV risk gr oup† (Gorin, 2004).

Too Big To Fail

The idea that a business has become so large and ingrained in the economy that the government will provide assistance to prevent its failure. â€Å"Too big to fail† describes the belief that if an enormous company fails, it will have a disastrous ripple effect through shout the economy. The idea of too big to fail should never be possible. No single financial institute should have the power of bringing down our entire economy. The taxpayers should not have to be worried about whether or not their money is safe. There obviously has been a lack of leadership going wrought the economic system.If there were strong leaders put in place originally to deal with this situation, then so many things could have been prevented. A crisis that nearly destroyed our nation would have never even made it to the surface. I blame the lack of leadership for the economical scare. The worlds leaders should have been containing the problem as it started instead of allowing it to get that big and pote ntially blowing up. Fannies Mae and Freddie Mac could have been saved. But instead each bank was focused on their own needs which is understandable and appropriate.But since they were intertwined so heavily was no longer an option. These institutes should have kept their distance to prevent something from happening. Our economical leaders should have practiced better leadership skills and not but all our dollars in one basket. Because just like in 2008, if any piece of that basket were to break or be destroyed we all would go down. The buyout may have worked this time, but that is simple a patch on the service of our overall problem. Get some strong leaders in those seats and all these problem might just go away. Too Big To Fail The idea that a business has become so large and ingrained in the economy that the government will provide assistance to prevent its failure. â€Å"Too big to fail† describes the belief that if an enormous company fails, it will have a disastrous ripple effect through shout the economy. The idea of too big to fail should never be possible. No single financial institute should have the power of bringing down our entire economy. The taxpayers should not have to be worried about whether or not their money is safe. There obviously has been a lack of leadership going wrought the economic system.If there were strong leaders put in place originally to deal with this situation, then so many things could have been prevented. A crisis that nearly destroyed our nation would have never even made it to the surface. I blame the lack of leadership for the economical scare. The worlds leaders should have been containing the problem as it started instead of allowing it to get that big and pote ntially blowing up. Fannies Mae and Freddie Mac could have been saved. But instead each bank was focused on their own needs which is understandable and appropriate.But since they were intertwined so heavily was no longer an option. These institutes should have kept their distance to prevent something from happening. Our economical leaders should have practiced better leadership skills and not but all our dollars in one basket. Because just like in 2008, if any piece of that basket were to break or be destroyed we all would go down. The buyout may have worked this time, but that is simple a patch on the service of our overall problem. Get some strong leaders in those seats and all these problem might just go away.

ASA Format for Research Papers - A Full Guide for Students

ASA Format for Research Papers - A Full Guide for Students Many a format of writing exist. One such is ASA format (American Sociological Association), along with APA or MLA styles. ASA citation format causes difficulties to students, in spite of the fact that there is nothing hard about it. This format is the most common among scientists and academics. It is mostly used by students who study sociology. Those who want to publish their research  paper in publishing houses apply this style. Also, research essays are on the list. ASA format, like others, changes all the time depending on the primary sources. What Is ASA Format? Students of universities/colleges from the sociological departments have a task to write essays and look for a guide. They undertake a study looking for informational relevant sources. Before publishing their works, students write them according to the ASA format citation requirements. This style is similar to APA when it comes to citations in an assignment. The rules for quotations in the text in ASA format need to specify the first author's name, then the initial date of publication of the material to which you refer. Citing in ASA Format drives you crazy? Let us know! Some Crucial Things about ASA Citation Format The list of references should be written at the end of your scientific work; Each source cited should be included in the list of references, each of them should be cited in the work Start the list of links on a new page Insert a title of the references at the top, in the center of the page Make a one-half inch margin from the left side Firstly, specify the names of authors followed by their surnames If the work was written by a committee, the use of et al. would be unacceptable. The last rule of ASA citation format is to place in an alphabetical order the last names of the authors of each work. If using several works of the same author, write them in the order of publication, from the old to the new ones. Now that you know what is ASA format, start writing the assignment to reap the best results! Learn How to Cite in ASA Format Put the notes in the same arrangement as they appear on the page and make a numbering under the line. The order is a crucial thing in ASA citation format. If one firstly specifies the work of the writer, he should write his full name and the year of publication. Specify the page number in ASA format. In this case, it will be separated from the publication year by a column with no spaces. Simple Rules with ASA Format Example The assignment should be written in simple words and the Active Voice. Never use jargon, slang or general expressions in ASA format. Words such as â€Å"percent†, â€Å"versus† are written in words, do not abbreviate them. As for abbreviations in ASA citation format, use them in tables or graphs. Apply gender terms if they have important meanings in the analysis that is conducted. Be careful about ethnic and racial stereotypes. Describe race or ethnicity precisely e.g., Mexican instead of Latin American. In a case when one uses an abbreviation in the text, specify its full name in brackets. Once it is done, use the abbreviations. Need Help? Don’t Hesitate - Contact Us! ASA Bibliography Format Write a list of references on another page. Do not forget that it’s needed to make it in an alphabetical order by the author's name in ASA bibliography format. Apply hanging indent if using two or more authors' names of the same work. Write all the elements according to the rules of ASA paper format. If you want to indicate the writer for the second time, use six hyphens and a period instead of names. To discern the paperwork of the same author, add the letters, for e.g. 2015Ð °, 2017 b, 2018Ã' . ASA format citation is easy to make. For titles of books and periodicals, use italics or underline them. If there is no publishing date, apply the combination " N. d.". Specify not the city but the state of the place of publication. Draw on the abbreviation of the U.S. postal code. If the writer of the book is from other cities, specify the name of the country. Use online sources to check ASA format example. It would be easier to write the assignment if you have a general idea of how to cite in ASA format. Essay Writing Advice from Our Experienced Writer John Writing any kind of assignment requires a lot of time and effort. So try to start when you get the assignment. Put the emphasis on the researches. Conduct a study concerning your topic, make sure that you understand it. Find the answers to the key questions of the assignment; once it is done, start writing. Professional Custom Writing Service for Students Do you still have a question about how to write in ASA format? Now it's clear, ASA formatting requires great attention to details. If you have problems with using this format, feel free to order a scientific work from our company. Take a look at the ASA format sample paper on the website to know more. Be sure, you get an essay that will be written according to the requirements. Our experts correct, edit rewrite the work if you are not satisfied with the result. English speaking authors will write the best assignment. Do not hesitate and order an essay right now. You will see that your work will be in good hands.

How to Use Tables and Charts in Microsoft Word

How to Use Tables and Charts in Microsoft Word How to Use Tables and Charts in Microsoft Word You’ve done the hard work in the laboratory, taking precise measurements and recording them diligently. Now comes the time to write up your results. But how should you do this? Is there not some kind of clear, simple and visually striking way to present your data in a Microsoft Word document? Friend, you’ve come to the right place. In today’s blog post, we run through the basics of adding (and formatting) charts and tables in Microsoft Word. Adding a Chart or Graph Microsoft Word enables adding charts and graphs of many kinds in your document, from simple pie charts to 3D surface graphs. To do this, simply: Place the cursor where you want your chart to appear Go to â€Å"Insert† on the main ribbon and select â€Å"Chart† from the â€Å"Illustrations† section In the new window, pick the type of chart you want in your document and click â€Å"OK† Your chart will now appear in the position selected and an Excel spreadsheet window will open (called â€Å"Chart in Microsoft Word†) Edit the values and labels in the Excel window to reflect the data required for your chart To change the chart title, simply double click and type (you can also add a caption by right clicking on the chart and selecting â€Å"Insert Caption†¦) You can customize your chart further via the buttons that appear when you click on the chart (options include layout, chart elements, chart style, colors and the data you wish to be visible). Linking Excel and Word Alternatively, if you already have an Excel spreadsheet containing a chart, you can copy and paste this to a Microsoft Word document using the â€Å"Paste Special†¦Ã¢â‚¬  option on the â€Å"Home† tab (to select this, click the small arrow at the bottom of the normal â€Å"Paste† button). To do this, open the Excel spreadsheet in question and copy the relevant chart. Next, select â€Å"Paste Special.† You can then add the chart to your Word document by selecting â€Å"Paste link† and â€Å"Microsoft Excel Chart Object†. This links the chart in the Word document to the one in the original spreadsheet. It will then update automatically if the values in the spreadsheet are changed. Adding a Table You have various options for adding tables to a Microsoft Word document, so we’ll stick to the three simplest here. Option 1 Go to â€Å"Insert† and select â€Å"Table.† This opens a dropdown menu with a grid. You can then pick the number of columns and rows required. Option 2 In the same dropdown menu, select â€Å"Insert Table.† In the window that opens, pick the number of columns and rows required. Option 3 Draw your own! In the â€Å"Table† menu on the â€Å"Insert† tab, select â€Å"Draw Table.† This lets you draw and edit tables by hand If you click on an existing table, you can edit its design and layout via the â€Å"Table Tools† tab that appears on the ribbon.

Using ECOWAS as a Trading Bloc Discuss the Challenges that Coursework

Using ECOWAS as a Trading Bloc Discuss the Challenges that Globalization Poses to Economic Integration - Coursework Example Using ECOWAS as a trading block discuss the challenges that globalization poses to economic integration ECOWAS was established in 1975 in Lagos, Nigeria, with fifteen members joining; it utilizes three languages, English, Portuguese, and French. Its membership has remained stagnant, with only one additional member and one withdrawal. The main objective of ECOWAS is the promotion of economic integration in agriculture, commerce, transport, and natural resources among others. Generally, ECOWAS countries enjoy free movement of goods, which is tariff free, and therefore, reduction of trade barriers is evident among these countries. ECOWAS will be celebrating the 35th anniversary this year, with some of its achievements being suppression of custom duties and taxes, and economic growth. According to Mark, globalization can be defined as the process of continuous integration of countries globally, mainly influenced by technological change and trade liberalization. Technological changes are evident with globalization trend; indeed, improvement in transportation network and technology reduces t he transportation costs. The existence of globalization has fostered international trade, which has led to knowledge acquisition, especially for African countries, and as a result, fostering development in these countries. However, globalization is also accompanied with various challenges, especially to economic integration. ... This paper will discuss the Challenges that globalization poses to economic integration using ECOWAS as a trading block. ECOWAS as a trading block Economic integration involves the abolishment of trade barriers, which include tariff and non-tariff barriers, with an aim of enhancing the flow of goods and services between member nations. ECOWAS’ main aim is economic integration; competition law has been introduced by the organization, which comprises of a set of rules and regulations aimed at encouraging free and fair markets, equal competition condition, promotion of allocative efficiency, maximization of consumer welfare, and ensuring transparency and fairness (ECOWAS, N.d, p.3). Therefore, ECOWAS has regulated competition as a form of ensuring fairness and equality. Economic Integration or regionalism Economic integration enables member states to have a wide selection of goods and services at low costs due to reduced tariffs. In addition, economic integration encourages trade among nations. Moreover, employment opportunities are created through trade liberalization that leads to the expansion of markets. Market expansion yields to investments in other nations, thereby creating job opportunities for citizens of the host country. Countries that trade together can provide solutions for issues such as political instability, which may be affecting a trade partners. The agreement to manage and control trade, monetary policies, and fiscal policies is advantageous; for instance, trade is given a chance to progress, thus, acquisition of goods and services at low costs becomes a possible mission. Such agreements, for instance in ECOWAS, lead to long lasting relationship between countries, which can also lead to

The effect of social networking sites on LSBF Students Research Proposal

The effect of social networking sites on LSBF Students - Research Proposal Example The expected outcomes of the study include that there is a relation between academic performance and use of networking sites for instruction and that academic performance augment with the use of social networking sites. The research proposal will consist of a number of areas that will act as an important guide in the completion of the research project on the effect of social networking sites on LSBF Students academic performance. A background of the study will be established followed by the statement of the research question and aims of the project. The theoretical framework, methodology, timescale and ethical limitations will form the other components of this research proposal. The advent and extended use of social networks for academic, business, and personal activities has been tremendous. The effect has been the emergence of web-based technologies, internet broadband services, smartphones, and mobile devices used in different facets of human lives to aid in achieving better results and the expense of limited resources. The use of social networking sites for education instruction has been on the rise begging for the need to have an understanding of its effectiveness in ensuring academic performance (West, April 24, 2012, 1). Relevant literature has mainly been aimed at investigating the use of social networks by college students and its impacts on their performance. Literature accessed on the use of social networking sites for educational instruction depicts the effectiveness in improving academic performance forming the basis for this study in understanding its effectiveness at LSBF (Adeoye, 2014, Laire et al., 2012, Lerner et al., 2011). The research w ill provide a platform for the improvement of social networking sites at LSBF and the benefits derived by the students when social networking sites are used for education instruction (Benson, & Morgan, 2014). The research will make use of varied sources including books

The Impact of Information Technogoly in Public agency Research Paper

The Impact of Information Technogoly in Public agency - Research Paper Example The  Federal Bureau of Investigation  (FBI) is a  US government agency attached to the Department of Justice with its headquarters in Edgar Hoover Building, Washington D.C (FBI, 2012). The US government established the FBI in 1908 with a core mission of investigating federal crime, enforcing federal laws, enhancing national security, and bringing criminals to justice (Hamilton, 2007). Its priorities include protecting the United States from terrorist attacks, protecting civil rights, combating public corruption and all forms of crime, protecting the United States against cyber-based attacks, supporting local and international partners, combat transnational criminal organizations, and protecting the United States against foreign intelligence (United States Department of Justice, 2010). To realize its priorities and mission, the FBI relies on domestic and foreign Intelligence, Law Enforcement Communities, federal government support, and top class information technology to improve its operations operational and enhance the effectiveness of the agency. However, with the recent and vibrant technological advancements terrorist and criminals are now using recent technologies to launch attacks to its allies and US. Hence, to remain reliable in its commission, the FBI requires the best of information technology to keep in pace and curb the high-tech insecurity. As such, the FBI has developed the FBIs IT strategic plan and initiated measures of acquiring the best information technology professionals, digitized its operations, and maintained the FBIs IT enterprise and website (United States Department of Justice, 2010). This has been significant in providing technical direction FBI business processes, maintaining the FBIs technology assets, and providing high-tech identification and information services relating to national

Total Quality Management Within The UK Service Industry Management Essay

Total Quality Management Within The UK Service Industry Management Essay Total Quality Management is an approach that has been used over the years to improve quality and customer satisfaction. The implementation of TQM involves each member of an organisation from the top management to the entire workforce. The approach was first implemented in the manufacturing industry but it was later embraced in the service industry. The UK service industry which contributes greatly to the countrys economy is among the different industries that have been using TQM to improve its performance. Sectors such as banking, transport and communication, hotel and tourism are among some of the sectors that have implemented the approach in every transaction, process and service delivered to customers. However a critical analysis of the approach used within the UK service industry portrays the inadequacy of most companies to effectively implement the approach to gain maximally from its benefits. The concept of quality in project management has been in existence for a long time though its meaning has been evolving over time. In the early part of the 20th century, quality management was viewed as the inspection of products to ascertain that they met certain standards (Reid Sanders, 2005). Later in the 1960s quality was viewed to involve the entire organisation. All functions started being held responsible for the quality of the products and services. In the 1970s competition quality came to be with companies focusing on improving quality in order for them to be competitive. Companies that were not able to meet the quality standards set did not survive the competition. The concept of total quality management was later developed and it has led companies to build on quality of their products and processes. The efforts of the members within these organisations help improve the processes, culture, products and services in order to attain the quality standards expected. The concept was first developed in the manufacturing industry but it has spread to other industries such as the services sector (Pandian, 2007). In this sector total quality management focuses more on customer services and improving their satisfaction as they are considered to be very important in the sector. Companies that are considered to be in the service industry include hospitality and tourism companies, banking, insurance and financial companies, as well as telecommunication companies among others. Satisfying the customer is the main aim of these companies. The major challenge that these companies face while trying to attain this objective is the inability to establish smooth relations between them and the customers in order to retain them for future business. The total quality management approach helps these businesses to connect with their customers at every stage of the business process and in every transaction undertaken (Pandian, 2007). This paper undertakes a study of the total quality management approach that is used in the UK services sector and provides a critical analysis of the appropriateness of the approach in comparison to the academic models. The UK Services Industry The UK services sector is comprised of trades both wholesale and retail, restaurants and hotels, the financial services, transport and communication, real estate, government services, computing and IT among other business activities and services. The industry currently dominates the UK economy and remains a vital component of the economy. In the year 2000, the industry accounted for over 70% of the gross domestic product with the private part of the industry accounting for 50% (Skipper, 2000). The industry draws a lot of attention both locally and internationally in a bid to strengthen it and develop it further. During the year 2010, the industry experienced high growth and helped to improve the recovery process of the UK economy. According to BBC News (2010) the growth of the industry helped reduce job losses and grow the economy by 0.3%. The improved performance of the industry gave most companies confidence to increase their output in order to offset some of the challenges that the industry was facing such as the high fuel prices and VAT charges. The UK government has been putting pressure on most of the industries to improve on quality to enhance performance. Some of the industries have taken this up very seriously such as the service and manufacturing industries. In the service industry the health services, financial, hotel and tourism are among some of the sectors that have embraced the TQM approach. The concepts of quality, high standards and professionalism to improve customer satisfaction have been emphasised in these sectors to enhance competition. In the early 1980s the management of the UK financial services sector focussed mainly on administrative practises and personnel control rather than focussing on the customers (Hopwood Chapman, 2008 ). However with the deregulation of the banks the sector became similar to other industries such as manufacturing. The front office and back office services were formed and these led to the management now focussing on consultant services and pure administrative functions. Various techniques and approaches of management started being introduced and implemented such as the TQM, business process reengineering and activity based costing. Increased competition and lower interest rates started to define the banks as they engaged in marketing financial products to remain profitable (Hopwood Chapman, 2008 ). Interest in non financial performance measures engaged the banks in activities and processes that increased customer satisfaction, product quality, employee morale and job satisfaction, efficiency and productivity in order to improve market share. The management has now been focussing on the front line personnel who deal directly with the customers and influenced the service quality and delivery. They rely on the customer satisfaction and loyalty to maintain their market share and profitability. The banking industry which is the largest sector in the service industry in the UK benefits a lot from the TQM approach (Domingo, 2006). However the main issue that hinders the implementation of the approach is the lack of training in customer service. Most of the people in this sector are financial people who have little or no training on how to deal with customers. The TQM approach puts the customers at the centre and focuses on improving quality in order to satisfy them. A lot of planning and management is undertaken to ensure that the service quality is continually improved. All the people in the organisation need to be involved in the TQM approach for it to succeed and quality to be improved. Bankers and other employees in the financial sectors tend to concentrate more on the money issues and neglect the customers and quality (Frick, 1997). For this reason, the organisations in the financial sectors are not able to learn and apply the valuable lessons in customer service and people management to produce world class quality services. Presently the financial sector is ranked in terms of the financial resources and other quantitative measures such as asset base, number of transactions, depositors, loans released and other performance measures (Domingo, 2006). A lot of managerial focus is put on asset management, financial ratio analysis, cash flow and spread management among others. Most of the institutions use these measures to create satisfied customers. They ensure that their objectives, measurements and systems achieve this in order to improve the satisfaction levels of their customers. Empowerment of the workers in the service industry is one of the decisions that affect the implementation of the TQM approach. Workers need to be empowered for them to make decisions that regard quality of products and services and the satisfaction of customers. Employees also need to be involved and good communication channels set up for the approach to work. In this way each and every person in the organisation is involved in the total quality management programme and they improve in the way that they undertake their jobs in order to meet the objectives set. In most of the service industries in the UK, quality tends to be measured in terms of quantitative measures rather than qualitative. Companies simply use the approach that is used by the manufacturing companies which involve quantitative measures to determine the quality standards and the levels of customer satisfaction. However in the service industry, though it is difficult to quantify the customer satisfaction levels through their smiles and reviews, companies still continue to rely on quantitative measures. They focus on how quickly the customer got the service rather than focussing on whether the service that was delivered was good and in accordance to standards set. In order to gauge their quality standards and customer satisfaction, companies in the service industry focus on the customer complaints to provide a way of reviewing themselves (Hollins Shinkins, 2006). In the UK however studies have shown that most of the customers tend to accept the poor services offered and do not complain. They however move on to look for better services elsewhere. As part of the TQM approach noting and handling complaints is considered as a starting point of dealing with poor quality standards. Management should instead be more engaged in moving on to seeking the issues that lead to the complaints and handling them before the complaints are heard from the customers (Hollins Shinkins, 2006). This will help improve the image of the organisation since the UK dissatisfied customers who do not complain tend to tell others of their dissatisfaction with the services offered. The TQM approach used by the service providers should also focus on performing beyond the customers expectations. They should go a little further and attempt to satisfy the customers in more ways. The use of mystery shoppers has been used in the UK service sectors by companies like London Underground who used mystery shoppers to determine their quality performance (Hollins Shinkins, 2006). The shoppers were given booklets which had questions which required qualitative and quantitative answers. The quantitative questions required the mystery shoppers to give scores on standards such as cleanliness while the qualitative questions required the mystery shoppers to provide their own judgement. In order for the shoppers to provide some consistency in their answers to the qualitative questions, they were provided with some training on standards to that they could make sound judgements. In the UK transport sector, the government introduced contracts which allowed the local authorities and private bus operators to form partnerships that would help improve quality (House of Commons, 2006). This arrangement allows the bus operators to engage in high quality services, improve staff training and other facilities in order to improve customer satisfaction. Efforts have also been made by the operators to improve passenger information including how the buses are run to enhance service quality. The UK domestic and international tourism markets which are worth over  £17 billion every year have been attracting visitors from all over the world (Kandampully, Mok, Sparks, 2001). The service providers have been using the TQM approach to attract and retain most of these visitors for them to compete and increase their market share globally. They have been continuously improving their services and processes as per the TQM approach while also remaining efficient and effective. One of the principles that are commonly used by these companies is the establishment of plans and targets to improve the quality of the services they offer. Innovation and service delivery is also emphasised and encouraged. The standards that the customers demand are used as objectives in the plans set as a way of improving customer satisfaction. In the sport and leisure services, a quality management initiative was established in 1996 that brought together the private and public sector professionals (Kandampully, Mok, Sparks, 2001). The initiative was formed to enhance quality improvement, share knowledge and the best practises that can be used in these services. Managers were encouraged to involve the views of the customers in their operations. To improve service performance, self evaluations and assessments were introduced as part of the initiative to allow the companies to compare themselves with the industry standards. Customer relations, facility operations, staffing, service development and reviews were improved and encouraged as part of the management issues that can help improve customer satisfaction and service quality. Total Quality Management Total Quality Management has been defined by the International Standard ISO 9000 as the management approach that is focussed on quality through the participation of all the members of an organisation (Ramasamy, 2005). The approach aims for long term success and customer satisfaction as well as additional benefits to all members of an organisation and the society at large. The approach seeks to continually improve the quality standards and process by making sure that each and every member of the organisation understands and practises their role in a way that leads to the attainment of the goals set under the approach. The benefits of this approach are numerous and include higher profits, increased customer and employee satisfaction, more business and increased amounts of goodwill from the society towards the organisations (Ramasamy, 2005). The managerial and leadership styles are also made stronger and persistent among the top level management. Training of all employees helps in developing their skills and abilities and increases their morale. The organisations also become more efficient and effective with their material and human resources as they attain their objectives. Several concepts are used in this quality management approach. The major concept involves the focus on the customer (Naidu, Babu, Rajendra, 2006). Every task, decision and process is carried out with the customer in mind. According to the approach a company needs to continually check on the attitudes of the customers. It is also part of the approach for the management and employees to do everything right at the first time in order to reduce the complaints and levels of defective work. Continuous improvement is also emphasised to allow the company to get better. Under this approach management is advised to continually improve each and every part of the organisation rather than improving all sectors by 100% at once. The workforce should also be involved in the approach through transforming the culture of the organisation to embrace quality (Chapman Hall, 1994). This will help change the attitude of everyone in the organisation and enhance excellence rather than mediocrity. Training and frequently communicating with the workforce is also encouraged in this quality management approach. Enlarging the skills of the employees allows them to handle different tasks and also do them better (Pereira, 1994). Performance measurement is emphasised in the TQM approach as it helps the company to make decisions based on the results and maintain standards as well as keeping the processes at a certain standard. Top management need to be involved in the entire process for the approach to be successful. Employees can also be given the power to make some of the decisions that are needed on the spot to improve quality and customer satisfactions. Teamwork between the management and the employees can help reduce some of the issues, conflicts and provide a balanced working environment, improve employee morale as well as reduce the roles and responsibilities between the management and the employees (Ramasamy, 2005). Analysis The total quality management approach that is used in the UK service industry has helped improve the standards of quality and customer satisfaction within the various sectors. Some of the sectors have gained profits and larger market shares with the implementation of the approach in their processes and service delivery. However most of the sectors need to implement the approach further in all of their activities while involving the employees for the successful implementation and improvement of the benefits to be attained. Companies in the service industry need to undertake proper training of their workforce and improve communication channels in order to involve each and every member of the organisation in the delivery of services and improved quality standards. The top management need to frequently interact with the customers to listen to their views and opinions which should be integrated within the company. These views should help improve the decision making process and the objectives and goals to be achieved. The welfare of the employees also needs to be looked into for the approach to work. The needs of the employees need be taken care of and their issues addressed for them to be in a position to improve their attitudes towards quality and offer their best services to the customers and to the company. Empowering the employees can also boost their morale and confidence in undertaking their roles and responsibilities. Some of the decision making should be left on the employees to improve efficiency and make the employees feel like they are part of the organisation and improve their responsibilities. The companies in the service industry should shift from quantitative performance measurement techniques and instead use qualitative measures to determine their overall performance levels. The use of customer complaints should be avoided as it is a reactive measure. The companies should focus on proactive measures to determine their performance levels and improve their services and quality standards. With these techniques the service sector in the UK will perform much better than it is doing currently and continue dominating the economy. Conclusion The service industry in the UK has been dominating the economy of the country and providing a huge GDP. The government has been emphasising on the need for the industry to improve the quality of the services in order to allow the industry to compete effectively in the international market. Some of the sectors have adopted the TQM approach in their activities and process to help them improve their quality levels as well as improve customer satisfactions. The TQM approach has brought in different benefits for the companies in the sector. However a careful analysis of the approach used in these companies highlights the hindrances that have affected the implementation of the approach. The management of these companies need to embrace this approach fully in the service industry in order to gain maximally from the benefits of TQM. Bibliography BBC News. (2010, March 3). Service Sector Growth Hits Three-Year High. Retrieved January 6, 2011, from BBC News: Chapman, Hall. (1994). Total Quality Management: the key to business improvement. London: Springer. Domingo, R. T. (2006, March 4). TQM in Banking. Retrieved January 6, 2011, from RTD Online: Edraw Max. (n.d). TQM Diagram Software. Retrieved January 08, 2011, from Edraw Max: Frick, R. A. (1997). The Application of Total Quality Management on Service Quality in Banking. The Journal of Bank Cost Management Accounting , 10. Hollins, B., Shinkins, S. (2006). Managing Service Operations: Design and Implementation. London: SAGE Publications. Hopwood, A. G., Chapman, C. S. (2008 ). Handbook of Management Accounting Research. Oxford: Elsevier. House of Commons. (2006). Bus Service Accross the UK. London: The Stationery Office. Kandampully, J., Mok, C., Sparks, B. A. (2001). Service Quality Management in Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure. London: Routledge. Naidu, N., Babu, K. M., Rajendra, G. (2006). Total Quality Management. New Delhi: New Age International. Pandian, T. K. (2007, June 26). Importance of TQM for Services Sector. Retrieved January 6, 2011, from The Hindu Business Line: Pereira, J. (1994, October). Total Quality Continous Improvement. Management Services , 38. Ramasamy, S. (2005). Total Quality Management. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill. Reid, R. D., Sanders, R. N. (2005). Total Quality Management. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Skipper, H. (2000, December). The UK Service Sector. Retrieved January 6, 2011, from Office for National Statistics: